Collecting conduit for the exhaust pipes or internal-combustion engines



'Wly 25d/9 5:1 A @@Yggm L7692 COLLECTING CONDUIT FOR THE EXHAUST PIPESOF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Oct. 2O 1926 Patented May 2.7, 1930UNITED STATES FRIEDRICH .AUGUST BOYSEN, OF LEIPZIG, GERMANY COLLECTINGCONDUIT FOB THE EXHAUST PIPES OR INTERNAL-CMBUSTION ENGINES AApplicationled October 20, 1926, Serial No. 142,856, and in Germany Api-i122, 1925.

My invention relates to muiiling or silencing means for the exhaustpassages of an internal combustion engine, and has particular relationto such means as'are positioned directly at the exhaust outlet from theengine thereby permitting an instantaneous expansion of the exhaustgases dischargedfromthe engine cylinders.

Silencers or muiilers heretofore utilized 1o have comprised in generallengthy exhaust.

pipeshaving at their outer ends muilier 'devices consisting of a numberof obstructions. These obstructions are so placed that the path oftheexhaust gas to the atmosphere is some.- what broken up.' However,attempts heretofore made to secure an actual suppression of the noisecaused by engine explosion have, so far as I am aware, not beensuccessful. For instance, it has beenproposed to insert a device forpermitting expansion of the gases bef tween the engine exhaust v landthe 'muiiien This latter apparatus, however, comprised partitions whichimpeded the `free iiow of the gases and did not suppress dischargenoises produced bythe engine. l

My invention provides for an instantaneous expansion of the exhaust gasas the latter is discharged from the cylinders oi an internal combustionengine. Moreover, the

the space into which the gases are discharged is such that gyratory'motion is imparted to the expanding gases. The body into which the gasesare expanded is tapering from its inlet to its outlet end and, as I willhereinafter more fully explain, the combination of the aforesaidgyratory movement of the gas with the tapering form ofthe device resultsin a continuously flowing jet of exhaust gases wherefrom the noises ofthe individual explosions are substantially suppressed'.

. The above characteristics are obtained in an apparatus constructed inaccordance with my invention by causing the exhaust gases toentertangentially into a smooth, cylindrical or spherical space, whichlatter is entirely free .from partitions or obstructions. vThecross-section, of said hollow body-at the point of tangential,connection-is several .s ...q-m.,

connection between the engine exhaust andx times greater than that ofthe exhaust pipe` from the engine which, as before indicated, permits ofinstantaneous expansion. Moreover, the body tapers in a substantially-conical form, becoming gradually narrower until at its outlet end it ispractically the diametery of the exhaust passage.

For a better understanding of my invention reference may be had to theaccompanyy ing drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a artially diagrammatic view of a motor car aving myimproved apparatus mounted thereon; l

Figures 2 and 3 are respectively end elevavtional and side elevationalviews of portions of my improved device;

Figure 4 is a side elevational view of a moiiication of the device shownin Fig. 3; an v Figures 5 and 6 are side elevational and top plan viewsof a stillffurther form of the device embodying my invention. f

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, my improved device l1is shown mounted directly on the engine 2 of a motor car 4:, there beingthe usual silencing or muf- `iler 3 on said car, asshown. I

Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the normal exhaust pipe of the channelfrom the engine is shown at 6. This latter is tangentially con- `nectedto a 'hollow spherical or cylindrical body 7, which latter tapers towardthe outlet end 8 thereof, being'bounded by the curved sides 9 and 10which are shaped in accordance with the prevailing conditions'in thecar. As shown in Fig. 3, the bend in the expansion chamber isapproximately 90 turn. J

The exhaust gases are' projected through the pipe 6 into the body 7 withgreat force whereby a gyratory motion is imparted thereto, as shown bythe indicating line 11. Be-

. cause of the force with which these gases are fed into the bodyl? andbecause of the tapering shape of the latter,'the gyrating motion resultsin a somewhat spiral formation of the gas wherefrom an unoccupied .zone12 is left vin `the center-of the device (as shown by the shaded arrow12): The tapering form of the Y device causes the. spirally movingv gasstream to gradually coalesce and at the extreme lower end 'of thedevicethe gas stream is directed outwardly in a smoothly, uniformlyfiowing stream. The combination of gyratory inotion, the tapering formof device and the resultant free zone, as indicated above, insures thatthe exhaust gas may expand entirely free from any throttling action.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a further development of my invention in that thecollecting or expansion chamber is provided with two similar taperingportions.

The device shown inFigs. 5 and 6 illustrates the manner in which myinvention is adapted to multiple cylinder engines. In the example shownthere are six inlet openings, or primary exhaust passages, 6. 'The gasfrom each cylinder is given desirable gyrating motion towards theexhaust end 8 by reason of the tangential connection of the pipe 6 tothe cylindrical space or body 13. The tapering portion is formedin thesame manner as described in connection with Figure 3 and equivalentresults are obtained.

While I have described but three embodiments of my'invention, it isapparent that the principle which forms the basis of this invention, andthe manner of employing the same in an apparatus, may be utilized inmany diiierentlforms by those skilled in the art without departing fromthe spirit of the present invention and I desire, therefore, that myinvention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims and theshowing of the prior art.

1. The method of suppressing the individual explosion noises of exhaustgases from an internal combustion engine, which comprises imparting agyratory motion to the gas streams almost immediately when the sameleave the exhaust ports of saidengine,

-the path of which motion initially has a diameter several times that ofthe entering gas streams, and which path is unobstructed whereby the gasstreams are finally again reduced to the same cross-sectional size asthey initially were individually, and passing said gases into a muiiier.

2. The method of suppressing the individual explosion noises in exhaustgases from an internal combustion engine, which comprises imparting agyratory motion to the gas streams almost immediately when saidv gasstreams leave the exhaust ports of said engine, said motion'being firstallowed to take place in a space several times larger than the gasstreams, and thereafter gradually reducing the space in which saidgyratory motion instaking place to a cross-section substantially that ofan individual gas stream when it first entered said space, and passingsaid gases into a muiiier.

3`l In an exhaust device ,for an internal combustion engine, an exhaustgas passage adapted to lead directly from an engine cylinder, andanunobstructed tapering hollow body between said passage and a muiiier,the cross-sectional area Iof said body being substantially greater thanthat of said passage and said'passage being tangentially connected tosaid hollow body.

4. In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connected tothe engine, comprising a hollow cylindrical body directly connected tothe exhaust ports of said engine in such manner that a gyratory motionis imparted to Huid leaving said exhaust ports and entering said body,whereby a low pressure area is created axially in said cylindrical body.

5. In an exhaust [device for an internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connecteddirectly to the exhaust ports of said engine, and comprising a hollowbody having an entirely unobstructed interior, said body being so'formedand being so connected with said exhaust ports that fluids leaving saidexhaust ports will enter said body and take a gyratory course throughsaid body.

6. In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connecteddirectly to the exhaust ports of said engine, and comprising a hollowbody of an entirely unobstructed interior, said body being so formed andbeing so connected with said exhaust portsthat gases entering said bodyfrom said pipe will be given a gyratory motion and so expand as to leavea substantially free zone into which said gases may unobstructedlyexpand. v

7 In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of exhaust ports, an exhaust pipe adapted to be connecteddirectly to the exhaust ports of said engine which comprises a hollowbody ot substantially cylindrical cross-section, said ports beingtangentially connected to said body, and said body being tapered fromlthe points of connection with said ports to the outlet of said body.

8. In .an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of exhaust ports, a body for receiving the exhaust gases fromsaid engine, and directly attached to the exhaust ports of said engine,said body being provided with means for causing said gases upon entrythereinto to flow in a well defined helical path gradually decreasing indiameter, which path becomes longitudinal of the ultimate direction ofgas iow prior to theexit of said gas from said body.

9. In an exhaust devicefor an internal combusti-on engine comprising aplurality oi' exhaust ports, a body for ,receiving intermittent exhaustblasts directly roin the exhaust ports of said engine and transformingthe same into a smoothly liowing stream to suppress individual explosionnoises, said body aving a smooth unobstructed interior with which saidexhaust ports are substantially tangentially connected and tapering fromseveral times the cross-sectional area of each Which comprises a hollowtubular body en- I tirely smooth and unobstructed on its interior andhaving the inlets thereof so positioned that gases entering therethroughwill. be given a rapid gyratory movement and will be caused to traversesaid bo'dy While keeping up said gyratory movement.

11. Method of damping the explosive noises of the exhaust gases ofinternal combustion engines which comprises tangentially dischargingsaid gases directly from the'exhaust ports of said engine into aninternally smooth tubular'body of substantially larger diameter thansaid ports and having an unobstructed extension in one direction thatgradually diminishes in internal diameter until it is substantiallyequal in diameter to one of said ports, and thereupon passing said gasesthrough a muliier.

12. In an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine comprising aplurality of exhaust ports, a body for receiving intermittent exhaustblasts directly from said exhaust ports and transforming the same into asmoothly flowing stream to suppress individual explosion noises, saidbody having a smooth unobstructed interior and comprising a portion ofrelatively large cross-sectional area and a contiguous portion taperingto a relatively small cross-sectional area,'and inlets connected to saidbody along the portion of relatively large cross-sectional area thereofand adapted toybe connected to said exhaust ports for introducing theexhaust gases from said engine into said body in streams having agyratory motion, an area unoccupied by gas being left in the axis ofsaid body to promote the cushioning effect on said ases. g In testimonywhereof I ax my signature.

FRIEDRICH AUGUST BOYSEN.

